Various improvements related to packaging, distribution, CI and documentation. Notable changes:
* Added [PEP 484](https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0484/) type stubs.
* Moved documentation to RTD.
* Fixed segfault when trying to access missing attributes of some constants.
* Fixed building error with Python 2.7 on Windows.
* Added CI pipelines for ``manylinux2010`` reference system and MacOS.
* Reworked setup script, preparing for [PEP 571](https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0571/) wheels.
* Prohibited installation for unsupported Python versions.
* Using ``setuptools-scm`` for dist version calculation from Git tags.