Hugo

This is release is a set of smaller fixes and improvements. Some of the more noteable:

You can now have a top level [cascade](https://gohugo.io/content-management/front-matter#front-matter-cascade) (or one per language, if needed) section in your site configuration (e.g. `config.toml`). This way you can control default front matter values from outside of the content files.

Hugo's [Menu system](https://gohugo.io/content-management/menus/) works good, but hasn't been particulary easy to set the active menu state for section pages without a menu defintion. We have had the option [Section Menu for Lazy Bloggers](https://gohugo.io/templates/menu-templates/#section-menu-for-lazy-bloggers). That helped for the common case, but we have now made it behave more sensible out of the box: `$page.HasMenuCurrent $sectionMenuEntry` will now always return true for any descendant of that section. To support this for menu defintions in the site config, we have added a new `pageRef` option on [MenuEntry](https://gohugo.io/variables/menus/#menu-entry-variables):

toml
[[menus.main]]
pageRef = "blog"
When pageRef is set, setting `url` is optional; it will be used as a fallback if the page is not found.
url = "/blog"


Set `pageRef` to a value that [site.GetPage](https://gohugo.io/functions/getpage/) understands, and the menu entry will be correctly connected to the page.

This release represents **14 contributions by 2 contributors** to the main Hugo code base.
Many have also been busy writing and fixing the documentation in [hugoDocs](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugoDocs),
which has received **1 contributions by 1 contributors**.

Hugo now has:

* 53005+ [stars](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/stargazers)
* 431+ [contributors](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/graphs/contributors)
* 370+ [themes](http://themes.gohugo.io/)

Enhancements

Other

* Simplify "active menu" logic for section menus [d831d2fc](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/d831d2fce8198fb814ea4d3d8c311db5c388d04c) [bep](https://github.com/bep) [#8776](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/8776)
* Make keepWhitespace = true default for HTML [c19f65f9](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/c19f65f956739ab76c38222d48a3e461525e31af) [bep](https://github.com/bep) [#8771](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/8771)
* Make FileMeta a struct [022c4795](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/022c4795510306e08a4aba31504ca382d41c7fac) [bep](https://github.com/bep) [#8749](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/8749)
* Add tabindex="0" to default <pre> wrapper [f27e5424](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/f27e542442d19436f1428cc22bb03aca398d37a7) [rhymes](https://github.com/rhymes) [#7194](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/7194)
* Rename/reorder the hook methods [80566481](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/805664818d0e1f95a3474271c2db3e5f49db26ba) [bep](https://github.com/bep) [#8755](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/8755)
* Support auto links in render hook [ee3d2bb1](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/ee3d2bb1d3974584f47cde7c973fbd1ae1f512b6) [bep](https://github.com/bep) [#8755](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/8755)
* Adjust a test helper [eb2a5003](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/eb2a500367780b07d67c301ce7c866e6b67aa687) [bep](https://github.com/bep)
* Add config.cascade [5cb52c23](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/5cb52c23150032b3fdb211a095745c512369b463) [bep](https://github.com/bep) [#8741](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/8741)
* Regenerate image golden testdata [30eea391](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/30eea3915b67f72611a3b2f4547146d4c6a96864) [bep](https://github.com/bep) [#8729](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/8729)

Fixes

Other

* Fix panic on invalid config in "hugo mod get" and similar [351ed0f5](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/351ed0f569f96aff29b03925bf5154d80a164e00) [bep](https://github.com/bep) [#8773](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/8773)
* Fix Params case handling for menu items defined in site config [634481ba](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/634481ba8cfcd865ba0d8811d8834f6af45663d7) [bep](https://github.com/bep) [#8775](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/8775)
* Fix default values when loading from config dir [ae6cf93c](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/ae6cf93c84c3584b111f4b9fa3fb4e3f63d37915) [bep](https://github.com/bep) [#8763](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/8763)
* Fix the deprecation error/warn log levels [a70da2b7](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/a70da2b74a6af0834cce9668cdb6acdb1c86a4c0) [bep](https://github.com/bep)
* Fix transparency problem when converting 32-bit images to WebP [8f40f34c](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/8f40f34cd10a98598bb822ec633fd5d0ea64b612) [bep](https://github.com/bep) [#8729](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/8729)

Hugo `0.85.0` is on the smaller side of releases, but the main new thing it brings should be important to those who need it: Poll based watching for file system changes.

Hugo uses [Fsnotify](https://github.com/fsnotify/fsnotify) to provide native file system notifications. This is still the default, but there may situations where this isn't working. The file may not support it (e.g. NFS), or you get the "too many open files" error and cannot or do not want to increase the `ulimit`. Enable polling by passing the `--poll` flag with an interval:

bash
hugo server --poll 700ms


You van even do "long polling" by passing a long interval:

bash
hugo server --poll 24h


This release represents **23 contributions by 6 contributors** to the main Hugo code base.[bep](https://github.com/bep) leads the Hugo development with a significant amount of contributions, but also a big shoutout to [raoulb](https://github.com/raoulb), [jmooring](https://github.com/jmooring), and [digitalcraftsman](https://github.com/digitalcraftsman) for their ongoing contributions.

Many have also been busy writing and fixing the documentation in [hugoDocs](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugoDocs),
which has received **1 contributions by 1 contributors**.

Hugo now has:

* 52755+ [stars](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/stargazers)
* 431+ [contributors](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/graphs/contributors)
* 370+ [themes](http://themes.gohugo.io/)

Enhancements

Other

* Move time notification to after any build errors [04dc469f](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/04dc469fbd78d9fe784829f2cba61c8cce982bdb) [jhollowe](https://github.com/jhollowe) [#8403](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/8403)
* Log warning for metadata decode error [07919d1c](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/07919d1ccb01733f4c6c5952e59228cecc9b26c8) [IveGotNorto](https://github.com/IveGotNorto) [#8519](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/8519)
* Make the --poll flag a duration [e31b1d19](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/e31b1d194655ac3a38fe903ff3995806b129b88a) [bep](https://github.com/bep) [#8720](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/8720)
* Regen CLI docs [43a23239](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/43a23239b2e3ad602c06d9af0b648e0304fc8744) [bep](https://github.com/bep)
* Add polling as a fallback to native filesystem events in server watch [24ce98b6](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/24ce98b6d10b2088af61c15112f5c5ed915a0c35) [bep](https://github.com/bep) [#8720](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/8720)[#6849](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/6849)[#7930](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/7930)
* Bump github.com/yuin/goldmark v1.3.9 [0019d60f](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/0019d60f67b6c4dde085753641a917fcd0aa4c76) [bep](https://github.com/bep) [#8727](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/8727)
* Add module.import.noMounts config [40dfdd09](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/40dfdd09521bcb8f56150e6791d60445198f27ab) [bep](https://github.com/bep) [#8708](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/8708)
* Use value type for module.Time [3a6dc6d3](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/3a6dc6d3f423c4acb79ef21b5a76e616fa2c9477) [bep](https://github.com/bep)
* Add version time to "hugo config mounts" [6cd2110a](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/6cd2110ab295f598907a18da91e34d31407c1d9d) [bep](https://github.com/bep)
* Add some more info to "hugo config mounts" [6a365c27](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/6a365c2712c7607e067e192d213b266f0c88d0f3) [bep](https://github.com/bep)
* Update to Minify v2.9.18 [d9bdd37d](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/d9bdd37d35ccd436b4dd470ef99efa372a6a086b) [bep](https://github.com/bep) [#8693](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/8693)
* Remove credit from release notes [b2eaf4c8](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/b2eaf4c8c2e31aa1c1bc4a2c0061f661e01d2de1) [digitalcraftsman](https://github.com/digitalcraftsman)
* Rename Header(s) to Heading(s) in ToC struct [a7e3da24](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/a7e3da242f98d4799dad013d7ba2f285717640d6) [bep](https://github.com/bep)

Fixes

Other

* Fix tab selection of disabled items in internal pagination template [f75f9007](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/f75f90079a6f2a239c8186faba5db5dbe6e36cb6) [raoulb](https://github.com/raoulb)
* Fix panic when theme has permalinks config [e451b984](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/e451b984cfb45b54a3972cefa59a02d50b0b0fd2) [bep](https://github.com/bep) [#8724](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/8724)
* Fix Cloudflare vs Netlify cache dir issue [4c8552b1](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/4c8552b11477141777101e0e0609dd1f32d191e9) [bep](https://github.com/bep) [#8714](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/8714)
* Fix date format in schema and opengraph templates [34e4742f](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/34e4742f0caab0d3eb9efd00fce4157d112617b5) [jmooring](https://github.com/jmooring) [#8671](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/8671)
* Fix Netlify default cache dir logic [6c8c0c8b](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/6c8c0c8b6a0b39b91de44d72a7bd1cd49534a0f1) [bep](https://github.com/bep) [#8710](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/8710)
* Fix handling of invalid OS env config overrides [49fedbc5](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/49fedbc51cafa64e4eb0eae9fb79ccbe2d4c6774) [bep](https://github.com/bep) [#8709](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/8709)
* Fix config handling with empty config entries after merge [19aa95fc](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/19aa95fc7f4cd58dcc8a8ff075762cfc86d41dc3) [bep](https://github.com/bep) [#8701](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/8701)
* Fix config loading for "hugo mod init" [923dd9d1](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/923dd9d1c1f649142f3f377109318b07e0f44d5d) [bep](https://github.com/bep) [#8697](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/8697)
* Fix language menu config regression [093dacab](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/093dacab29a3c6fc363408453d0bc3b1fc159ad5) [bep](https://github.com/bep) [#8672](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/8672)
* Fix merge of config with map[string]string values. [4a9d408f](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/4a9d408fe0bbf4c563546e35d2be7ade4e920c4c) [bep](https://github.com/bep) [#8679](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/8679)

This is a bug-fix release with a couple of important fixes.

* Fix Cloudflare vs Netlify cache dir issue [4c8552b1](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/4c8552b11477141777101e0e0609dd1f32d191e9) [bep](https://github.com/bep) [#8714](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/8714)
* Fix date format in schema and opengraph templates [34e4742f](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/34e4742f0caab0d3eb9efd00fce4157d112617b5) [jmooring](https://github.com/jmooring) [#8671](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/8671)

This is a bug-fix release with a couple of important fixes.

* config: Fix Netlify default cache dir logic [6c8c0c8b](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/6c8c0c8b6a0b39b91de44d72a7bd1cd49534a0f1) [bep](https://github.com/bep) [#8710](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/8710)
* config: Fix handling of invalid OS env config overrides [49fedbc5](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/49fedbc51cafa64e4eb0eae9fb79ccbe2d4c6774) [bep](https://github.com/bep) [#8709](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/8709)

This is mostly a bug fix release, but it also contains some minor modules related improvements. Most notable you now get some more information in ` hugo config mounts`, and even more so when typing ` hugo config mounts -v`.

* modules: Add module.import.noMounts config [40dfdd09](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/40dfdd09521bcb8f56150e6791d60445198f27ab) [bep](https://github.com/bep) [#8708](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/8708)
* modules: Use value type for module.Time [3a6dc6d3](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/3a6dc6d3f423c4acb79ef21b5a76e616fa2c9477) [bep](https://github.com/bep)
* commands: Add version time to "hugo config mounts" [6cd2110a](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/6cd2110ab295f598907a18da91e34d31407c1d9d) [bep](https://github.com/bep)
* commands: Add some more info to "hugo config mounts" [6a365c27](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/6a365c2712c7607e067e192d213b266f0c88d0f3) [bep](https://github.com/bep)
* Fix config handling with empty config entries after merge [19aa95fc](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/19aa95fc7f4cd58dcc8a8ff075762cfc86d41dc3) [bep](https://github.com/bep) [#8701](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/8701)
* Fix config loading for "hugo mod init" [923dd9d1](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/923dd9d1c1f649142f3f377109318b07e0f44d5d) [bep](https://github.com/bep) [#8697](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/8697)
* deps: Update to Minify v2.9.18 [d9bdd37d](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/d9bdd37d35ccd436b4dd470ef99efa372a6a086b) [bep](https://github.com/bep) [#8693](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/8693)
* Remove credit from release notes [b2eaf4c8](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/b2eaf4c8c2e31aa1c1bc4a2c0061f661e01d2de1) [digitalcraftsman](https://github.com/digitalcraftsman)

This is a bug-fix release with a couple of important fixes.

* Fix language menu config regression [093dacab](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/093dacab29a3c6fc363408453d0bc3b1fc159ad5) [bep](https://github.com/bep) [#8672](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/8672)
* config: Fix merge of config with map[string]string values. [4a9d408f](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/4a9d408fe0bbf4c563546e35d2be7ade4e920c4c) [bep](https://github.com/bep) [#8679](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/8679)
* markup: Rename Header(s) to Heading(s) in ToC struct [a7e3da24](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/commit/a7e3da242f98d4799dad013d7ba2f285717640d6) [bep](https://github.com/bep)