Fastapi

🚨 This is a security fix. Please upgrade as soon as possible.

Upgrades

* ⬆️ Upgrade Starlette to 0.25.0. PR [5996](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/5996) by [tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo).
* This solves a vulnerability that could allow denial of service attacks by using many small multipart fields/files (parts), consuming high CPU and memory.
* Only applications using forms (e.g. file uploads) could be affected.
* For most cases, upgrading won't have any breaking changes.

Upgrades

* ⬆️ Upgrade Starlette version to `0.24.0` and refactor internals for compatibility. PR [5985](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/5985) by [tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo).
* This can solve nuanced errors when using middlewares. Before Starlette `0.24.0`, a new instance of each middleware class would be created when a new middleware was added. That normally was not a problem, unless the middleware class expected to be created only once, with only one instance, that happened in some cases. This upgrade would solve those cases (thanks [adriangb](https://github.com/adriangb)! Starlette PR [#2017](https://github.com/encode/starlette/pull/2017)). Now the middleware class instances are created once, right before the first request (the first time the app is called).
* If you depended on that previous behavior, you might need to update your code. As always, make sure your tests pass before merging the upgrade.

Upgrades

* ⬆️ Upgrade Starlette range to allow 0.23.1. PR [5980](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/5980) by [tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo).

Docs

* ✏ Tweak wording to clarify `docs/en/docs/project-generation.md`. PR [5930](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/5930) by [chandra-deb](https://github.com/chandra-deb).
* ✏ Update Pydantic GitHub URLs. PR [5952](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/5952) by [yezz123](https://github.com/yezz123).
* 📝 Add opinion from Cisco. PR [5981](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/5981) by [tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo).

Translations

* 🌐 Add Russian translation for `docs/ru/docs/tutorial/cookie-params.md`. PR [5890](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/5890) by [bnzone](https://github.com/bnzone).

Internal

* ✏ Update `zip-docs.sh` internal script, remove extra space. PR [5931](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/5931) by [JuanPerdomo00](https://github.com/JuanPerdomo00).

Upgrades

* ⬆️ Bump Starlette from 0.22.0 to 0.23.0. Initial PR [5739](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/5739) by [Kludex](https://github.com/Kludex).

Docs

* 📝 Add article "Tortoise ORM / FastAPI 整合快速筆記" to External Links. PR [5496](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/5496) by [Leon0824](https://github.com/Leon0824).
* 👥 Update FastAPI People. PR [5954](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/5954) by [github-actions[bot]](https://github.com/apps/github-actions).
* 📝 Micro-tweak help docs. PR [5960](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/5960) by [tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo).
* 🔧 Update new issue chooser to direct to GitHub Discussions. PR [5948](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/5948) by [tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo).
* 📝 Recommend GitHub Discussions for questions. PR [5944](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/5944) by [tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo).

Translations

* 🌐 Add Russian translation for `docs/ru/docs/tutorial/body-fields.md`. PR [5898](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/5898) by [simatheone](https://github.com/simatheone).
* 🌐 Add Russian translation for `docs/ru/docs/help-fastapi.md`. PR [5970](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/5970) by [tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo).
* 🌐 Add Portuguese translation for `docs/pt/docs/tutorial/static-files.md`. PR [5858](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/5858) by [batlopes](https://github.com/batlopes).
* 🌐 Add Portuguese translation for `docs/pt/docs/tutorial/encoder.md`. PR [5525](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/5525) by [felipebpl](https://github.com/felipebpl).
* 🌐 Add Russian translation for `docs/ru/docs/contributing.md`. PR [5870](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/5870) by [Xewus](https://github.com/Xewus).

Internal

* ⬆️ Upgrade Ubuntu version for docs workflow. PR [5971](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/5971) by [tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo).
* 🔧 Update sponsors badges. PR [5943](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/5943) by [tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo).
* ✨ Compute FastAPI Experts including GitHub Discussions. PR [5941](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/5941) by [tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo).
* ⬆️ Upgrade isort and update pre-commit. PR [5940](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/5940) by [tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo).
* 🔧 Add template for questions in Discussions. PR [5920](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/5920) by [tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo).
* 🔧 Update Sponsor Budget Insight to Powens. PR [5916](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/5916) by [tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo).
* 🔧 Update GitHub Sponsors badge data. PR [5915](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/5915) by [tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo).

Fixes

* 🐛 Ignore Response classes on return annotation. PR [5855](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/5855) by [Kludex](https://github.com/Kludex). See the new docs in the PR below.

Docs

* 📝 Update docs and examples for Response Model with Return Type Annotations, and update runtime error. PR [5873](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/5873) by [tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo). New docs at [Response Model - Return Type: Other Return Type Annotations](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/response-model/#other-return-type-annotations).
* 📝 Add External Link: FastAPI lambda container: serverless simplified. PR [5784](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/5784) by [rafrasenberg](https://github.com/rafrasenberg).

Translations

* 🌐 Add Turkish translation for `docs/tr/docs/tutorial/first_steps.md`. PR [5691](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/5691) by [Kadermiyanyedi](https://github.com/Kadermiyanyedi).

Features

* ✨ Add support for function return type annotations to declare the `response_model`. Initial PR [1436](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/1436) by [uriyyo](https://github.com/uriyyo).

Now you can declare the return type / `response_model` in the function return type annotation:

python
from fastapi import FastAPI
from pydantic import BaseModel

app = FastAPI()


class Item(BaseModel):
name: str
price: float


app.get("/items/")
async def read_items() -> list[Item]:
return [
Item(name="Portal Gun", price=42.0),
Item(name="Plumbus", price=32.0),
]


FastAPI will use the return type annotation to perform:

* Data validation
* Automatic documentation
* It could power automatic client generators
* **Data filtering**

Before this version it was only supported via the `response_model` parameter.

Read more about it in the new docs: [Response Model - Return Type](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/response-model/).

Docs

* 📝 Add External Link: Authorization on FastAPI with Casbin. PR [5712](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/5712) by [Xhy-5000](https://github.com/Xhy-5000).
* ✏ Fix typo in `docs/en/docs/async.md`. PR [5785](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/5785) by [Kingdageek](https://github.com/Kingdageek).
* ✏ Fix typo in `docs/en/docs/deployment/concepts.md`. PR [5824](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/5824) by [kelbyfaessler](https://github.com/kelbyfaessler).

Translations

* 🌐 Add Russian translation for `docs/ru/docs/fastapi-people.md`. PR [5577](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/5577) by [Xewus](https://github.com/Xewus).
* 🌐 Fix typo in Chinese translation for `docs/zh/docs/benchmarks.md`. PR [4269](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/4269) by [15027668g](https://github.com/15027668g).
* 🌐 Add Korean translation for `docs/tutorial/cors.md`. PR [3764](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/3764) by [NinaHwang](https://github.com/NinaHwang).

Internal

* ⬆ Update coverage[toml] requirement from <7.0,>=6.5.0 to >=6.5.0,<8.0. PR [5801](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/5801) by [dependabot[bot]](https://github.com/apps/dependabot).
* ⬆ Update uvicorn[standard] requirement from <0.19.0,>=0.12.0 to >=0.12.0,<0.21.0 for development. PR [5795](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/5795) by [dependabot[bot]](https://github.com/apps/dependabot).
* ⬆ Bump dawidd6/action-download-artifact from 2.24.2 to 2.24.3. PR [5842](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/5842) by [dependabot[bot]](https://github.com/apps/dependabot).
* 👥 Update FastAPI People. PR [5825](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/5825) by [github-actions[bot]](https://github.com/apps/github-actions).
* ⬆ Bump types-ujson from 5.5.0 to 5.6.0.0. PR [5735](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/5735) by [dependabot[bot]](https://github.com/apps/dependabot).
* ⬆ Bump pypa/gh-action-pypi-publish from 1.5.2 to 1.6.4. PR [5750](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/5750) by [dependabot[bot]](https://github.com/apps/dependabot).
* 👷 Add GitHub Action gate/check. PR [5492](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/5492) by [webknjaz](https://github.com/webknjaz).
* 🔧 Update sponsors, add Svix. PR [5848](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/5848) by [tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo).
* 🔧 Remove Doist sponsor. PR [5847](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/5847) by [tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo).
* ⬆ Update sqlalchemy requirement from <=1.4.41,>=1.3.18 to >=1.3.18,<1.4.43. PR [5540](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/5540) by [dependabot[bot]](https://github.com/apps/dependabot).
* ⬆ Bump nwtgck/actions-netlify from 1.2.4 to 2.0.0. PR [5757](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/5757) by [dependabot[bot]](https://github.com/apps/dependabot).
* 👷 Refactor CI artifact upload/download for docs previews. PR [5793](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/5793) by [tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo).
* ⬆ Bump pypa/gh-action-pypi-publish from 1.5.1 to 1.5.2. PR [5714](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/5714) by [dependabot[bot]](https://github.com/apps/dependabot).
* 👥 Update FastAPI People. PR [5722](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/5722) by [github-actions[bot]](https://github.com/apps/github-actions).
* 🔧 Update sponsors, disable course bundle. PR [5713](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/5713) by [tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo).
* ⬆ Update typer[all] requirement from <0.7.0,>=0.6.1 to >=0.6.1,<0.8.0. PR [5639](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/5639) by [dependabot[bot]](https://github.com/apps/dependabot).